Neuroscience
Busch RM, McBride A, Curtiss G, & Vanderploeg RD. The components of executive functioning in traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 2005 Nov; 27(8): 1022-1032.
James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA.
Theorists have proposed models of executive functioning, and functional neuroimaging and factor analytic studies have attempted to examine the components of executive functioning. These studies have arrived at different conclusions and many empirical studies are wrought with methodological confounds. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the subcomponents of executive abilities while addressing some of the limitations common in previous studies. Neuropsychological test data were obtained from a sample of individuals with a history of TBI seen at one-year follow-up (n=104). Principal components factor analysis was conducted and yielded three factors that accounted for 52.7% of the variance. The first factor included higher-order executive functions with two components: self-generative behavior and cognitive flexibility/set shifting. The second factor appeared to represent mental control, particularly of ongoing working memory. The third factor consisted of memory errors, representing failure to inhibit reporting of inaccurate information. Although the results are not entirely consistent with any of the current theoretical models of executive function, they appear to be most consistent with the 1986 model of Stuss and Benson.
PMID: 16207623 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Anthony H. Risser | neuroscience | neuropsychology | brain
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Neuroscience
Abstract of the Day: Neuropsychology Assessment & Executive Function
Busch RM, McBride A, Curtiss G, & Vanderploeg RD. The components of executive functioning in traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 2005 Nov; 27(8): 1022-1032.
James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA.
Theorists have proposed models of executive functioning, and functional neuroimaging and factor analytic studies have attempted to examine the components of executive functioning. These studies have arrived at different conclusions and many empirical studies are wrought with methodological confounds. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the subcomponents of executive abilities while addressing some of the limitations common in previous studies. Neuropsychological test data were obtained from a sample of individuals with a history of TBI seen at one-year follow-up (n=104). Principal components factor analysis was conducted and yielded three factors that accounted for 52.7% of the variance. The first factor included higher-order executive functions with two components: self-generative behavior and cognitive flexibility/set shifting. The second factor appeared to represent mental control, particularly of ongoing working memory. The third factor consisted of memory errors, representing failure to inhibit reporting of inaccurate information. Although the results are not entirely consistent with any of the current theoretical models of executive function, they appear to be most consistent with the 1986 model of Stuss and Benson.
PMID: 16207623 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
-
Anthony H. Risser | neuroscience | neuropsychology | brain
- Neuropsychology Abstract Of The Day: Moyamoya
Intellectual ability and executive function in pediatric moyamoya vasculopathy Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 2011 Nov 24; Williams TS, Westmacott R, Dlamini N, Granite L, Dirks P, Askalan R, Macgregor D, Moharir M, Deveber G Abstract Aim ...
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Isquith PK, Crawford JS, Espy KA, & Gioia GA. Assessment of executive function in preschool-aged children. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Review. 2005 Sep 13; 11(3): 209-215. Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School,...
- Abstract Of The Day: Neuropsychological Assessment
O'Sullivan M, Morris RG, & Markus HS. Brief cognitive assessment for patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 2005 Aug; 76(8): 1140-1145. Division of Clinical Neuroscience, St George's Hospital...
- Abstract Of The Day: Executive Task Performance And Functional Status In Elderly Persons
Rapp MA, Schnaider Beeri M, Schmeidler J, Sano M, Silverman JM, Haroutunian V. Relationship of neuropsychological performance to functional status in nursing home residents and community-dwelling older adults. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry....